Classification, principles underlying the design and operation of Swenson-Walker, Krystal, Vacuum and growth type of crystallisers. Study of different operation variables in the vacuum and growth type crystallizers. Describe the design and operation of Krystal crystalliser. What are the different types of nucleation. How are nucleation rates predicted? Crysta.

Solubility curves and calculations of yields. Material and heat balances around Swensen Walker Crystallizer. Supersaturation theory and its limitations. Nucleation mechanisms, crystal growth. Caking of crystals and its prevention, numerical problems on yields.

The order is usually recorded by the prescriber on a sheet of paper, known as prescription. Example 2 may be prescribed in the following manner also.

Basic concepts and definition, wet-bulb and adiabatic saturation temperature, psychrometric chart and measurement of humidity, application of humidity measurement in pharmacy, equipments of dehumidification operations. Humidity is concerned with the physical properties of mixtures of air and water vapor. It is the air in which the water vapour is in equilibrium with liquid water at the given temperature and pressure.

Thoery of distillation of binary mixtures. Clasification and study of distillation equipment used for simple, vacuum, steam, reflux distillation, separation of azeotropes. What are the merits of boiling point diagram of a binary mixture? Write down the procedure of calculating equilibrium data of a binary mixture from its relative volatility value. Explain the method of azeotropic distillation in industrial scale. What is relative volatility? In a c.